Lake Tanganyika /Nsumbu NP
Often dubbed as “The Meeting Place of Africa,” Lake Tanganyika borders Zambia to the south, Burundi to the north, and Tanzania and the DRC along the east and west coasts, respectively. Ranking as the world’s second deepest freshwater lake, it stands as one of the most biologically unique and stable habitats globally, boasting a rich tapestry of cultures, languages, and belief systems that have endured for centuries.
European explorers Richard Burton and John Speke brought Lake Tanganyika to the attention of the world in the mid-1880s during their quest for the Nile River’s source. The traditional lifestyle of local lake communities remains largely unchanged, with traces of Arabian influence evident in the design of wooden boats and dhows traversing this ancient trade route. Fishing remains the cornerstone of livelihoods, intertwined with deep-rooted religious beliefs associated with the lake.
From the Lungu community along the southwestern shores, who revere the “Spirit of the Lake” residing in Kapembwa Village’s escarpments, to the Tabwa people of the Nsumbu and Ndole Bay region, whose faith centers around the “Fishing God” dwelling in Nsumbu National Park’s sacred site known as “The Balancing Stones,” Lake Tanganyika holds profound cultural significance.
Despite Zambia’s claim to only 7% of the lake’s surface area, Nsumbu National Park safeguards approximately 100km of its pristine shoreline, serving as a vital sanctuary for aquatic life. Within its boundaries thrive 2,000 plant and animal species, with 600 exclusive to the Lake Tanganyika watershed. The park is renowned for its endemic species, including 98% of the lake’s cichlid fish, molluscs, crustaceans, and two fully aquatic water snakes. Offering opportunities for snorkeling, boating, and fishing, it’s a haven for aquatic enthusiasts.
Though not a prime wildlife safari destination, Nsumbu National Park boasts decent populations of hippo and crocodile, while elephants and buffalo are frequent shoreline visitors. Its diverse habitats, ranging from wetlands to cliffs, provide ideal conditions for over 280 bird species, including notable sightings of Pel’s fishing owl, bat hawk, lesser flamingo, and palm nut vulture, making it a paradise for birdwatchers.
